Table below lists the indicators used for calculating the master variables for state profiles and LP Index in the real domain.
| Master Variable | Indicator | Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Population | Size, distribution, and composition and as changes in population. |
| Resources | Land area | Elements of value to society—include natural resources critical for human survival and those made available through applications of technology (such as drilling for petroleum, alternative energy sources, extracting raw materials and minerals, for example). |
| Technology | Gross domestic product | Productivity due to applications of knowledge and skills in mechanical (equipment, machinery, etc.) as well as organizational (institutional) terms. |
| Source: Choucri and Clark (2019). Note: See Choucri and North (1975), and Kindleberger (1970). |
||
By necessity, for the cyber domain we have used a different set of variables that reflect access to and participation in the cyber arena, as shown in the table below.
| Master Variable | Indicator | Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Internet users | State population with Internet access. |
| Resources | Valued assets and enablers | Fixed-telephone subscriptions. |
| Mobile-telephone subscriptions. | ||
| Fixed-broadband subscriptions. | ||
| Mobile-broadband subscriptions. | ||
| Technology | Technology exports | Exports of ICT goods. |
| Exports of ICT services. | ||
| Source: Choucri and Clark (2019). | ||
To standardize the lateral pressure methodology, consistency and convenience must be added to the process of data extraction and analysis. World Bank (2017) is the primary data source overall, and ITU (2017) is the source for cyber resource data.
All the price variables used for calculating master variables are given in constant U.S. dollars. Normalization of the selected indicator ensures that the master variables are of the same order of magnitude and independent of their units of measure. This step provides confidence that that the lateral pressure pro files of different states are comparable and meaningful.
References:
- Choucri, N, & Clark, D. D. (2019). International relations in the cyber age: The co-evolution dilemma
. MIT Press. - Choucri, N, & North, R. C. (1975). Nations in conflict: National growth and international violence. W. H. Freeman.
- International Telecommunication Union (ITU). 2017. World telecommunication/ICT indicators database, 20th edition/December 2016. International Telecommunication Union.
- Kindleberger, C. P. (1970). Power and money: The economics of international politics and the politics of international economics. Macmillan.
- World Bank. 2017. World Development Indicators, February 2017 update. World Bank Publications.